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‘Nightmare bacteria’ cases rising in the US

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Infection rates from drug-resistant “nightmare bacteria” rose by 70% in the US, according to a new report. 

The increase is driven by a difficult-to-treat gene called NDM, say researchers from the American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Only two antibiotics work to treat it – and the drugs are expensive and have to be administered intraveneously.

Bacteria with the gene were once considered exotic, linked to a small number of patients who received medical care overseas, and though the numbers are still small, the rate of US cases jumped more than fivefold in recent years, the researchers reported.

“The rise of NDMs in the US is a grave danger and very worrisome,” said David Weiss, an infectious diseases researcher at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia.

The report took data from 29 states. It counted 4,341 cases of carbapenem-resistant bacterial infections from those states in 2023, with 1,831 of them the NDM variety.

Pic: AP
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Pic: AP

The rate of carbapenem-resistant infections rose from just under 2 per 100,000 people in 2019 to more than 3 per 100,000 in 2023 – an increase of 69%. But the rate of NDM cases rose from around 0.25 to about 1.35 – an increase of 460%, the authors said.

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In recent years, the CDC has drawn attention to “nightmare bacteria” resistant to a wide range of antibiotics.

Carbapenems are a class of antibiotics considered a last resort for treatment of serious infections.

The researchers did not say how many of the infected people died.

It’s likely many people are unrecognised carriers of the drug-resistant bacteria, which could lead to community spread, the CDC scientists warned.

It is feared that infections long considered routine and easy to combat – like urinary tract infections – could become harder to treat, said Dr Maroya Walters, one of the report’s authors.

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Antimicrobial resistance occurs when germs such as bacteria and fungi gain the power to fight off the drugs designed to kill them.

The misuse of antibiotics was a big reason for the rise – unfinished or unnecessary prescriptions that didn’t kill the germs made them stronger.

‘Huge surge’

A researcher not involved in the study said the increase is probably related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

“We know that there was a huge surge in antibiotic use during the pandemic, so this likely is reflected in increasing drug resistance,” said Dr Jason Burnham, of Washington University.

The CDC’s count is also only a partial picture. Many states are not fully testing and reporting cases. Even in states that do, cases tend to only be among hospital patients sick enough to warrant special testing.

The CDC researchers did not have data from some of the most populous states, including California, Florida, New York and Texas, which means the absolute number of US infections “is definitely underestimated,” Dr Burnham said.

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Candidates begin canvassing in Presidential Election

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In the first full day of campaigning in the Presidential Election, the three candidates will be canvassing in Dublin, Laois, and Limerick.

Independent candidate Catherine Connolly, who is backed by the left-leaning parties in the Oireachtas, will attend a meeting of the Dáil Public Accounts Committee this morning in her capacity as a TD for Galway West.

Afterwards, and as a presidential candidate, she will be campaigning in the capital, including at a rally in Harold’s Cross this evening.

The Fine Gael candidate Heather Humphreys will start her campaign today in Laois, with a lunchtime canvass in Portlaoise.

Later, she will be canvassing in Limerick City before attending a Fine Gael rally in Patrickswell.

Earlier, Ms Humphreys said housing supply is “the biggest challenge” facing the country and “very tough”, but stopped short of agreeing with outgoing President Michael D Higgins that it has become a “disaster”.

The Fianna Fáil candidate Jim Gavin will be in the capital this morning, with a canvass in Blackrock and Dún Laoghaire.

He also will be joined by party colleagues at other campaign events in south Dublin.

Barrister Maria Steen failed to secure enough support to join the race, securing 18 Oireachtas nominations when 20 was required.

After her campaign ended yesterday morning, Ms Steen told the media that “rarely has the political consensus seemed more oppressive or detached from the public’s wishes.”

However, Taoiseach Micheál Martin rejected suggestions that the failure of Ms Steen to secure a nomination was “anti-democratic”.

Voting takes place on 24 October. It is the smallest field in a Presidential Election since 1990.

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China does targets differently to the West – and it may be just what the world needs

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There is something peculiar about the Chinese government that makes its targets very different to those in countries like Britain.

That quirk gives analysts some hope after it’s “timid” announcement on the green transition – and as Donald Trump yesterday condemned climate change as a “hoax”.

The good news is that China has, for the first time, made a commitment to cut its greenhouse gas emissions. It’s a landmark moment.

In a video statement to the UN in New York, President Xi Jinping vowed China would cut emissions by 7-10% by 2035, while “striving to do better”.

But it is still “critically short” of the roughly 30% believed to be necessary from the world’s biggest greenhouse gas polluter and clean tech superpower, analysts said.

Juan Manuel Santos, former president of Colombia and chair of The Elders, a group of global leaders founded by Nelson Mandela, said: “China’s latest climate target is too timid given the country’s extraordinary record on clean energy – both at home and through its green partnerships with emerging economies.”

Read more: Super typhoon hits China

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‘Strongest storm of the year’

China also chose not to say when it thinks its emissions will peak – allowing plenty of time for them to keep rising before they then fall.

But here’s why all is not lost – far from it.

In the West, targets are often aspirational. They are knowingly optimistic, sometimes wildly so, because the purpose isn’t necessarily to hit them.

Instead, they are designed to provide some certainty to investors, energy companies, local authorities and so on about where the country is headed, stimulating them all to kick into gear.

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Businesses urged to ‘step forward’ on climate

‘Taking targets seriously’

The Chinese work differently. In fact, they have a record over under promising and over delivering on climate targets.

Why?

“In China’s top-down political system, setting and evaluating targets is a key means through which the central government manages the country,” says Zhe Yao from Greenpeace Asia.

“As a result, there is a strong political culture of taking targets seriously. This mentality means policymakers usually take a realistic approach to setting targets rather than treating them as aspirations.”

Just look at their wind and solar rollout: meeting a target of 1,200GW by 2030 six years early.

Today they pledged to more than double today’s capacity of around 1,400GW to 3,600GW by 2035 – rates many countries can only dream of. There are other targets China has missed – such as to “strictly control” coal power – but still that record gives analysts hope.

Another ray of light is the fact that it was delivered by Xi himself – this is perceived as the commitment being more serious than if it was delivered by anyone else.

And “striving to better” sounds weasley, but suggests they aim to overachieve, and again should be taken more seriously from President Xi than perhaps we would from other leaders.

Xi Jinping seems to sense an opportunity to step into a global leadership role, as the US retreats. Pic: Reuters
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Xi Jinping seems to sense an opportunity to step into a global leadership role, as the US retreats. Pic: Reuters

US and EU fall short

China is far from alone in disappointing with its pledge, made as a part of its latest five-year climate plan (known as nationally determined contribution or NDC), something all countries are doing this year as per the Paris Agreement.

The US government under Trump has ditched climate action altogether. The EU, which thinks of itself as ambitious, failed to come up with its own plan on time, effectively coming to the UN this week with an “I Owe You” instead.

With other leaders faltering, there was less heat on Beijing to step up.

Even the 10% reduction in emissions will “still put the world on a pathway to catastrophic climate impacts” says Kate Logan, director of the China Climate Hub at the Asia Society Policy Institute.

So let’s hope this target will not just be hot air, but another one for cautious China to overachieve.

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Trump announces investigation into ‘sinister’ escalator incident

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Donald Trump has claimed his appearance at the United Nations was marred by three acts of “sabotage”.

The US president alleged an escalator had malfunctioned as he was travelling up it with the first lady, Melania, that a teleprompter had failed to work, and that world leaders couldn’t hear his speech.

In a post on his Truth Social platform, he said an escalator carrying him and his wife “came to a screeching halt” on the way to the main floor and nearly caused them to fall “onto the sharp edges of these steel steps, face first”.

Donald Trump and his wife Melania walked up the escalator after it stopped. Pic: Reuters
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Donald Trump and his wife Melania walked up the escalator after it stopped. Pic: Reuters

“This was absolutely sabotage,” he claimed, as he called for the arrest of those responsible.

He also said his teleprompter did not work at the start of his speech and world leaders could not hear him because the sound system failed.

Pic: Reuters
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Pic: Reuters

“Not one, not two, but three very sinister events!” Mr Trump wrote.

“This wasn’t a coincidence, this was triple sabotage at the UN. They ought to be ashamed of themselves.”

He also said he had asked the UN to preserve security camera footage and demanded an investigation, adding that the Secret Service was involved in looking into the escalator incident.

Security personnel stand next to the escalator. Pic: Reuters
Image:
Security personnel stand next to the escalator. Pic: Reuters

Mr Trump complained about both the escalator and the teleprompter during his speech to the UN on Tuesday.

UN officials have said the escalator’s built-in safety mechanism had been triggered and the teleprompter was operated by the White House rather than the organisation.

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On Monday, UN spokesperson Stephane Dujarric said a readout of the escalator’s central processing unit indicated it “had stopped after a built-in safety mechanism on the comb step was triggered at the top of the escalator”.

He said Mr Trump’s videographer had been travelling backward up the escalator to capture his arrival with the first lady and “may have inadvertently triggered the safety function”.

A UN official told Reuters the sound system had been designed to allow people at their seats to hear speeches being translated into six different languages through their earpieces.

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