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China makes pledge to cut emissions for the first time
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China has for the first time made specific emission cut pledges, though its goal of reducing planet-warming greenhouse gases to just 7-10% by 2035 is seen as far too modest.
Its pledge offers a path towards more ambitious efforts to tackle climate change.
The pledge, delivered via video by President Xi Jinping to a UN climate summit where some 120 nations will outline plans to curb global warming, comes as disasters intensify worldwide – from catastrophic floods in Pakistan to raging wildfires in Spain.
While the headline target may seem modest, China has a record of under-promising while overdelivering, driven by its green technology boom.
The new target for 2035 is backed by commitments to expand wind and solar six times over 2020 levels, drastically expand forests, and ramp up electric cars production.
Why it matters
China is the world’s second-biggest economy and the largest polluter. It accounts for nearly 30% of global emissions.
It is also a clean energy powerhouse, and sells most of the world’s solar panels, batteries and electric cars.
China’s trajectory determines whether the world will limit end-of-century warming to 1.5C and avoid the most catastrophic impacts of climate disruption.
Under the Paris Agreement, countries must update their “Nationally Determined Contributions” every five years.
Many are racing to do so before the COP climate summit in Brazil this November.
Beijing pledged in 2021 to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and reach carbon neutrality by 2060. But it gave no near-term numerical targets for reducing emissions.
The geopolitical context has raised the stakes: the United States has again quit the Paris accord under President Donald Trump, who dismisses climate change as a “con job,” while a fractious European Union has yet to set new targets.
Under the 2015 accord – which nearly every country is part of – nations freely set their own targets but most are behind schedule, notably the European Union, where several states fear moving too fast could hurt industry.
France, for example, faces shaky finances and political turmoil, and wants more clarity on investment frameworks before committing to deeper decarbonisation.
Under the new plan, China pledges to:
- Cut economy-wide net greenhouse gas emissions by 7-10% from peak levels, while “striving to do better.” Some analysts believe China’s emissions have already peaked or will do so soon.
- To align with 1.5C, Beijing needs to cut emissions around 30% within a decade from 2023 levels. The United States peaked CO2 emissions in 2007 and reduced them by approximately 14.7% a decade later.
- Increase non-fossil fuels in total energy consumption to over 30% and expand wind and solar capacity to more than six times 2020 levels, reaching 3,600 gigawatts.
- Increase forest cover to over 24 billion cubic meters.
- Make electric vehicles “mainstream” in new sales.
- Expand the national carbon trading scheme to cover high-emission sectors and establish a “climate adaptive society”.
What experts think
Observers almost universally say the targets are too modest – but that China is likely to surpass them thanks to its booming clean technology sector.
“China has often under-promised and over-delivered,” said Andreas Sieber, associate director of policy and campaigns at advocacy group 350.org.
The new target is “underwhelming,” but “it anchors the world’s largest emitter on a path where clean-tech defines economic leadership,” he added.
Others echoed that sentiment.
“What’s hopeful is that the actual decarbonisation of China’s economy is likely to exceed its target on paper,” said Yao Zhe of Greenpeace East Asia.
China is installing renewable energy at a record pace that far outstrips the rest of the world, and it dominates the production chain of many clean-tech sectors.
But it has also continued to install coal capacity, and its decision to use an unspecified “peak” rather than set a baseline year for emissions cuts raised concerns.
That keeps “the door open to near-term increases in emissions,” warned Lauri Myllyvirta, lead analyst at the Centre for Research on Energy and Clear Air.
The pledges serve as “a floor, not a ceiling, for China’s ambition,” he added.
Still, many observers believe China’s economy is now committed to the energy transition and the pledges will cement that.
“The good news is that in a world increasingly driven by self-interest, China is in a stronger position than most to drive climate action forward,” said Li Shuo of the Asia Society.
Paris Agreement ‘has made a difference’
The UN is trying to strike a balance between warning of catastrophe and maintaining hope.
On one hand, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said last week that chances of limiting warming to 1.5C are on the verge of “collapsing,” a view echoed by climatologists, with current temperatures already about 1.4C above pre-industrial levels.
But yesterday, he struck a more positive note, saying the landmark Paris Agreement “has made a difference”.
“In the last 10 years, projected global temperature rise has dropped from four degrees Celsius to less than three,” Mr Guterres said.
Part of that progress stems from China.
A decade ago, three-quarters of its electric mix came from coal – a figure now down to half. Its booming exports of solar panels, batteries, and electric cars are cutting emissions abroad as well.
Breaking News
‘Nothing left’ in Gaza says doctor evacuated to Ireland
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A doctor who had been working in Gaza until his evacuation to Ireland last week has said there is nothing left there.
Deputy Medical Coordinator for Médecins Sans Frontières in Gaza, Dr Mohammed Abu Mughaisib, said he did not recognise the streets of Rafah while he was being evacuated as they were just rubble.
Speaking on RTÉ’s Morning Ireland, he said hospitals are collapsing one by one.
“The population now in the north area has an evacuation order to move to the south. One million people are struggling to move,” he said.
“They are asking them to move to the south area, which was called the humanitarian zone, which is between brackets. It’s not a humanitarian zone.
“The hospitals are collapsing one by one, which are in the north. Patients are actually in these hospitals, are lying on the floor there. There is no beds at all.”
Dr Mughaisib said hospitals are functioning without electricity because there is no fuel to run the generators.
He said they desperately need drugs and disposables to operate and treat patients.
“So doctors now are consulting the patient without giving any treatment because there is no more treatment,” he said.
“The population still are struggling to find shelters, which there is no space, there is no tents, struggling to find water.
“There is no term to describe what’s going on in Gaza … there is neighborhoods erased from the planet.”
‘Acute hunger’
Dr Mughaisib said he was “lucky” because he managed to evacuate his family to Cairo while he stayed in Gaza and moved around.
“I used the electricity unit room to put my mattress [in]. I mean, that was your life – your mattress, your pillow, and your documents,” he said, adding that while he was able to afford food because he was working, there was no food to buy.
“It was a kind of luxury to find bread and to buy it, it’s very expensive. The cost of one bread was €5 … I can afford it, I’m still working,” he said.
“But imagine the population that 80% of them are in poverty. They were really children … crying in the tent because their families cannot provide for the milk or food, and they were crying because of hunger, and they sleep because they get tired from crying, so they sleep.
“There was acute hunger. Famine – I was not waiting to declare the famine in Gaza because we witnessed it, me and my colleagues who are working with MSF.”
Dr Mughaisib explained that he applied through MSF Ireland to come here “and the Irish government and embassy really facilitated my work papers”.
He said the evacuation was well organised by the Irish Embassy, but the trip itself inside Gaza was “really horrible”.
“When I entered some areas in Gaza during the evacuation, I didn’t recognise Rafah, I didn’t recognise Khan Yunis. It was just rebels,” he said.
“And the tanks, of course, are there. They were blocking the road but they open it and they allow the convoy, but I didn’t recognise none of these streets of Rafah and Khan Yunis that I know it by heart.
“I’m living there for 25 years so I know Gaza by heart. I didn’t recognise no street.”
Dr Mughaisib said he has not seen his family in over 18 months and would like to be reunited with them.
He said he has found it “very strange” to be in Ireland.
“I have really mixed feelings. It’s very difficult to wake up without the sound of the drones, the shelling, the bombing. And I left all my memories there,” he said.
“I have friends, colleagues, families there that are. I know that they are still suffering and they wanted to be evacuated, to be in security.
“But it’s difficult. I still have my heart, my soul is there. Physically, I’m here, but my heart and soul is there.”
Read more:
Situation in Gaza City ‘like a horror movie’, says doctor
‘It’s an act of piracy’ – Irish activist on Gaza aid flotilla slams drones targeting boats
Latest Middle East stories
Breaking News
PTSB cuts mortgage rates, makes changes to deposit rates
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PTSB is to cut its fixed-rate mortgage by up to 0.2% and make changes to its deposit rates, including increases and decreases.
The bank has announced a reduction of 0.15% to 0.2% on a range of fixed-rate mortgage products from periods of two years to seven years, which will take effect from today.
PTSB said the rate decreases will apply to mortgages where the loan-to-value (LTV) is between 80% and 90%.
It includes green mortgages and high-value mortgages, both of which offer lower rates in this LTV band.
The new rates for a 2-year, 3-year, 5-year and 7-year fixed terms in the 80% and 90% LTV band will range from 3.7% to 4.4%, depending on the fixed-rate period.
The lender said the rates will be available to both new customers and existing customers, who want to take out a new fixed-rate product.
“The new rate for the 4-year fixed term of 3.65%, which is a rate-only product, is available to new customers only,” PTSB said.
It said the 80% to 90% LTV band is “particularly popular among First-Time Buyers, but the improved rates will be available to First-Time Buyers, switchers from other lenders and people moving house.”
PTSB has also announced changes to deposit rates, which will come into effect from 1 October, and will be available to both new and existing personal customers.
The changes will apply to the bank’s 6-month, 1-year, 3-year and 5-year fixed-term deposit products, including the 6-month and 1-year online fixed-term deposit products.
The 5-year fixed-term deposit will increase by 0.5% to 2%, and the 3-year fixed-term deposit will increase by 0.40% to 2%.
However, PTSB said its 1-year and 6-month fixed-term deposit accounts, which include online and interest first equivalents, will decrease by 0.25% to 2% and 1.25% respectively.
The lender said that customers who have recently taken out a new fixed term deposit have a cooling off period of up to 14 days, which will allow them to switch their deposit to benefit from new lower rates, before the relevant cooling off period expires.
Breaking News
New communications network tested for first responders
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A new communication network is being tested for first responders after an older system failed during Storm Éowyn earlier this year.
768,000 homes, businesses and farms across Ireland were left without power as a result of the storm on 24 January.
Around 115,000 homes were left without water, with hundreds of thousands more under threat as a result of the power outages.
The Government’s Chief Information Officer Barry Lowry said today that emergency responders used an old system called TETRA Ireland which are “essentially like walkie talkies” with push to talk phones.
Speaking on RTÉ’s Morning Ireland, he said: “What we wanted to do is replace them with smartphone capability.
“Everybody knows the importance of smartphone for data, for video, for voice. But actually enabling that for blue light services provides what we call full situational awareness.
“In other words, far more data and information that they can use and share in the event of dealing with a major incident.”
Mr Lowry said that while TETRA, which stands for Terrestrial Trunked Radio, did not collapse during the storm, it lost its full national connectivity as the fiber it depends on came down due to a lack of power.
However, the new network uses a smartphone-like capability that can fall back to satellite technology as a last resort.
“So where we are moving to is always on mobile phone capability for our emergency services.
“We have tested the new capability in the air, sea and on land and the responses coming back have been very positive,” he said.
Mr Lowry said the absolute priority is to bring the new system to the islands.
The first satellite service should be available for use in Inishturk by the end of the year before being rolled out to the rest of the islands throughout 2026, he said, and ultimately, it is hoped it will be available everywhere in the country.
He said the project to date has being co funded by the EU but added that “no cost is insignificant if it saves lives”.
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