The reply makes clear there is a discrepancy. While the chancellor presented the measure as a targeted restriction, the result so far has been a broader freeze, suggesting that ministries are erring on the side of caution and holding back approvals.

Thoden, a member of The Left group, raised the issue in a formal parliamentary question, asking what permits had been granted since Merz’s pledge and how Berlin would enforce the restriction. His request asked the government to provide a full breakdown of permits by date, quantity and weapon type. 

Germany has long counted itself among Israel’s key defense partners in Europe. The disclosure follows an earlier inquiry from the same far-left party that revealed Germany had approved arms exports to Israel worth about €251 million between early 2024 and mid-2025.

The decision has triggered debate at home. Some in Merz’s own conservative bloc say limiting exports undermines Germany’s credibility as a partner, while others — especially in the opposition — argue it doesn’t go far enough because previously approved licenses remain untouched.

One of the three people suggested the ID scheme would be universal. A fourth person, however, suggested that it was more likely to be targeted at people in work.

A fifth person said it would be mandatory for showing the right to work in the U.K.

Alongside existing systems, such as eVisas, the new scheme would function as an extra layer to stop unscrupulous employers finding loopholes in the system, a sixth person said.

The scheme will initially be consulted on and will likely need legislation, according to The Times.

French President Emmanuel Macron has repeatedly warned that the lack of ID cards in the U.K. acts as a major incentive to migrants, who are able to find work in the black economy.